INJECTION MOLDING PROCESS

The use of goods made of plastic from time to time shows a very rapid development, is widespread in almost all sectors of human life such as use for: household appliances and supplies including for clothing and cosmetic supplies, office equipment and supplies, educational facilities, buildings. , transformation, electrical and electronic equipment, automotive industry, aircraft, agriculture and fisheries and many other uses.

          This is because plastic has the ability to replace materials made of wood, metals, rubber, leather, glass and others.

          In line with the development of the use of plastics, the development of the plastic industry and plastic processing facilities has developed rapidly.

          In the process of processing plastics into plastic goods, it is known that there are several types of plastic processing machines such as: thermoforming, extrusion, blowmolding, injection molding, tubes and many more. From a group of plastic processing machines, it can be grouped based on the work process, namely machines that work continuously and machines that work in cycles, injection molding, including machines that work in a cycle.

         The injection molding machine has a function to change the plastic material from the form of granules [plastic seeds] or pudding into plastic goods that have shapes.

         Of the many plastic products, almost 80% are products of plastic.

         The process is that the plastic material in the form of granules or pudding is heated until it melts, then injected with the help of a plunger screw push into a hollow mold and cooled, the limer plastic then freezes. Hardened and shaped according to the shape of the cavity, finally the product is removed.

        The process steps are called a cycle, that is, the process steps will always repeat themselves when one operation step is completed.

        The quality of the process [product] will greatly depend on the operating conditions of the machine, the quality of the material being processed and the condition of the machine itself, where the condition of the machine will be good if all the components or parts of the machine and the mold are working properly and in balance.

a) The mold is closed and held, the material has been injected into the mold.

b) The screw moves backwards, the replacement material drops and enters the cylinder and collects in the space at the front of the cylinder.

c) The results of the process (product) are removed from the mold / mold.

 

Image: Injection Machine

The main parts of the Injection Machine are:

a) Clamping unit, serves to place, open and close, operate and hold the mold / mold during the injection process.

b) Injection unit, consisting of several machine parts needed for: filling, melting and injection of materials into the mold / mold.

c) Power unit equipment that provides and supplies power for the clamping and injection units.

d) Control unit, equipment that regulates temperature, pressure and time.