Computer to Plate versus Computer to Film

Luscher MultiDX
Computer to Plate (CTP) is an imaging technology used in modern printing processes. In this technology, images are created in a Desktop Publishing (DTP) application and output directly to a printing plate. Unlike the previous technology where computer files are output to the form of film, and this film is then used to make printing plates. CTP has advantages over conventional platemaking. With CTP, the need for films and related developed chemicals is eliminated. CTP improves the sharpness and detail of the image on the plate. CTP avoids the potential loss in quality that may occur during the unselect of film, including scratches in the film, and variations in exposure. Plates are produced in less time, are more consistent and at a lower cost. CTP can also increase registers in the print process. The CTP system can significantly increase the plate production output. The platesetter for newspaper production can output up to 300 plates per hour at 1270 dpi (dots per inch), while for commercial applications the CTP system can produce 60 plates at 2400 dpi. 
Computer to plate (CTP) is an imaging technology used in modern printing machine processes. In this technology, an image created in a Desktop Publishing (DTP) application is output directly to a printing plate. This compares with the older technology, Computer to film (CTF), where the computer file is output onto a photographic film. This film is then used to make a printing plate, in a similar manner to a contact proof in darkroom photography. 
Advantages of CTP CTP has several advantages over conventional platemaking. In CTP, one generation (transfer of film image to the printing plate) is removed from the printing process, increasing sharpness and detail. Plates are produced in less time, are more consistent, and at a lower cost. CTP can also improve registration and image-to-edge repeatability over traditional methods. CTP, the media is registered (held in precise position) in the platesetter during imaging, and does not rely on a separately-aligned pin grid, as is the case with film. Defects due to dust, scratches or other artifacts are minimized. CTP systems can significantly increase print shop productivity. The fastest platesetters can output more than 120 12-inch plates per hour, punched and ready to hang on the press. CTP decreases dot gain slightly by eliminating the increase in halftone dot size which can occur in the film-to-plate exposure process when negative film is used (Mainly US) CTP increases dot gain slightly by eliminating the decrease in halftone dot size which can occur in the film-to-plate exposure process when positive film is used (Mainly Europe) Small portrait presses that typically create 1 or 2 color output can use anything from a standard laser printer, for low quality/low volume, up to a higher-end dedicated platesetter for higher quality and volume. 
Computer to Film Computer to Film (CTF) is a print workflow involving the printing from a computer, straight to film. This film is then burned onto a lithographic plate, using a plate burner. The plate is then put on an offset printing press to make a product (usually thousands of copies). This process requires a clean environment, skilled workers, and a well thought out proofing system / workflow to maximize quality. CTF is being replaced with the more advanced CTP (Computer to Plate) technology.

INJECTION MOLDING PROCESS

The use of goods made of plastic from time to time shows a very rapid development, is widespread in almost all sectors of human life such as use for: household appliances and supplies including for clothing and cosmetic supplies, office equipment and supplies, educational facilities, buildings. , transformation, electrical and electronic equipment, automotive industry, aircraft, agriculture and fisheries and many other uses.
          This is because plastic has the ability to replace materials made of wood, metals, rubber, leather, glass and others.
          In line with the development of the use of plastics, the development of the plastic industry and plastic processing facilities has developed rapidly.
          In the process of processing plastics into plastic goods, it is known that there are several types of plastic processing machines such as: thermoforming, extrusion, blowmolding, injection molding, tubes and many more. From a group of plastic processing machines, it can be grouped based on the work process, namely machines that work continuously and machines that work in cycles, injection molding, including machines that work in a cycle.
         The injection molding machine has a function to change the plastic material from the form of granules [plastic seeds] or pudding into plastic goods that have shapes.
         Of the many plastic products, almost 80% are products of plastic.
         The process is that the plastic material in the form of granules or pudding is heated until it melts, then injected with the help of a plunger screw push into a hollow mold and cooled, the limer plastic then freezes. Hardened and shaped according to the shape of the cavity, finally the product is removed.
        The process steps are called a cycle, that is, the process steps will always repeat themselves when one operation step is completed.
        The quality of the process [product] will greatly depend on the operating conditions of the machine, the quality of the material being processed and the condition of the machine itself, where the condition of the machine will be good if all the components or parts of the machine and the mold are working properly and in balance.
a) The mold is closed and held, the material has been injected into the mold.
injection moulding
b) The screw moves backwards, the replacement material drops and enters the cylinder and collects in the space at the front of the cylinder.
c) The results of the process (product) are removed from the mold / mold.

 
Image: Injection Machine
The main parts of the Injection Machine are:
a) Clamping unit, serves to place, open and close, operate and hold the mold / mold during the injection process.
b) Injection unit, consisting of several machine parts needed for: filling, melting and injection of materials into the mold / mold.
c) Power unit equipment that provides and supplies power for the clamping and injection units.
d) Control unit, equipment that regulates temperature, pressure and time.

Easy Way and Quickly Draw With AutoCAD

Quickly Draw AutoCAD
Here we will start drawing a simple product first, using the existing facilities in AutoCAD 2012
The first step we have to do in order to use AutoCAD 2012 is to install the software via CD-ROM.
If you are not familiar with installing AutoCAD, you can ask someone who is familiar with computer systems for help.
For those who want to try to install it yourself, the steps that must be taken to install AutoCAD 2012 are:
1. Run the AutoCAD Installation wizard (SETUP.EXE) from the CD or hard drive
2. Select english for the language (language) used to install and click Install Product
3. In the Select the Product to Install screen, checklist Autocad 2012 and Autodesk Material Library 2012 then click Next
4. In the License Agreement window, select I Accept and click Next
5. In the User and Product Information display, fill in the required data and fill in the serial number and product key / keygen, then click Next.
6. In the Begin Installation section, click Install and when asked whether to use the default configuration / settings,
click yes. Because by default, AutoCad will install for personal computers.
7. Wait for the AutoCad program to finish installing.
8. Click Finish.
AutoCad has finished installing on the computer.
If we use the crack to activate the Autocad code, you can extract the crack on the CD
to the program file where AutoCad is installed, namely in C: \ Program Files \ Autodesk \ AutoCAD 2012 - English

By default, AutoCAD assigns a shortcut placeholder on the desktop.
We can double click this shortcut

To start AutoCAD or you can start> Program> Autodesk> AutoCAD 2012> AutoCAD 2012.

Atom Electrons Protons Neutron

electrons protons neutron
Atom
Atom is a very small unit in every material that is around us. Atom consists of three types of subatomic particles:
- electrons, which have a negative charge;
- protons, which have a positive charge;
- neutron, which is not charged.
Each element is unique differentiated by the number protons contained in the atom of these elements. Every atom has the number of electrons that are equal to the number of protons; when there is a difference in these atoms called ion.
Many other elements are created by humans, but they are usually unstable and spontaneously transformed into a naturally stable chemical element through a process of radioactivity.
Even though there are only 91 elements in nature, they can occur bonds with each other into molecules and other types of chemical compounds. Molecules are formed of many atoms. The water molecule is a combination of 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 atom oxygen.
Atomic nucleus
The center of the atom is called the atomic nucleus or nucleus. The atomic nucleus consists of protons and neutrons. The number of protons in the atomic nucleus is called the atomic number, and determines its form elements what atoms are.
The size of the atomic nucleus is much smaller than the size of the atom itself, and almost partly
mostly made up of protons and neutrons, almost absolutely no contribution from electron.
Protons and neutrons have almost the same mass, and the sum of the two masses is called the mass number, and it weighs almost the same as. The mass of the electrons is very small and doesn't contribute much to the atomic mass.
The number of protons and neutrons determines the type of the nucleus or atomic nucleus. Protons and
neutrons have almost the same mass, and the number combination, the number of masses, on average
equal to the atomic mass of an atom. The combined mass of electrons is very small ratio to the mass of the nucleus, because the weight of the protons and neutrons is almost 2000 times the mass of an electron.
Neutron
Neutrons or neutrons are subatomic particles which are not charged (neutral) and has a mass of 1.6749 × 10-27 kg, slightly heavier than a proton. The atomic nucleus of most atoms are made up of protons and neutrons.
The main difference between neutrons and other subatomic particles is that they are not charged. This nature of the neutrons made his discoveries more backward, and very penetrating, made it difficult to observe in person and made it very important as an agent in nuclear change.
Proton
In physics, a proton is a subatomic particle with a positive charge of 1.6 × 10-19 coulombs and a mass of 1.6726231 × 10-27 kg, or about 1800 times the mass of a electron.
An atom usually consists of a number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus (middle) atom, and the number of electrons surrounding that nucleus. In charged atoms neutral, the number of protons will equal the number of electrons. The number of protons in the section the nucleus will usually determine the chemical properties of an atom. The atomic nucleus is often known as the term nuclei, nucleus, or nucleon (English: nucleon), and the reaction that occurs or related to the nucleus of this atom is called a nuclear reaction.