Color Reproduction in Printing

Quality assurance in printing aims to constant/fixed and correct/correct color reproduction/copying via whole in the printing process. For printing ink and color printing supplies, the most important parameter is film thickness ink, halftone value, color balance, ink installation and color series. 
Ink film thickness For technical reasons, the maximum ink film thickness is in offset printing is about 3.5 m. For coated paper and color process related to DIN 16 539 color location which should be achieved/obtained with an ink film thickness between 0.7 and 1.1 m. 
If lithography it doesn't fit / doesn't match, use printing ink that is not appropriate, however, this could happen that point of standardization on the chromatic diagram CIE not reached. Color distance reproduction also decreases if the saturation is not adequate. 
In white area picture shows how narrow the color gap with the ink is less in every three color processes. 
In terms of physics, the effect of the thickness of the ink film on the The view can be explained as follows.
Printing ink does not cover the paper; the ink is, somewhat, transparent. Light enters/penetrates the ink. 
In passing through ink, light facing pigment that absorbs into wavelength whichever is larger or smaller. The higher the pigment concentration and the film thickness The higher the ink/bigger, the more pigment is produced incorporated by the incident light and, as a result, more is absorbed. In the end, the ray of light reaches the surface (white) on the print and reflected supplies. On the way back to the light has to go through the ink film again and only after that he can captured/seen by the eye of the observer. 
The thick printing ink film absorbs more light and reflects less than the thin printing ink film; so that observers see darker, more saturated colors, hues. The part of the light that reaches the eye becomes suitable as basis for estimating/grading each color.

Raster Image Processor RIP Express

Raster Image Processor
translate postscript language for imagessetter
imagesetter: a machine that produces high-resolution output on film
translate image into raster
translate bitmap to halftone
work flow technology to increase processing speed and ease of processing data electronically
print directly
RIP(express)
RipExpress is based on Adobe's Configurable PostScript Interpreter (CPSI) to interpret PostScript files accurately and consistently.
RipExpress by Monotype Systems is software
This versatile RIP can handle color and monochrome files from PostScript 3
RipExpress that combines optimum performance with an exclusive and easy-to-use interface
available for Sun UltraSPARC and Window NT platforms on Pentium PCs.
RipExpress is a full implementation of the PostScript 3 software from Adobe
which offers increased performance and benefits such as direct processing and printing of PDF files.
Super Screens are used to show superior looking finishes. ,
With Super Screens, 'appeal' can be removed from imagesetting and direct-to-plate systems
and can produce 4096 levels of gray on these high-resolution tools.
Color preview provides a full color preview of the RIP work on the screen
Previewed bitmap images can be sent directly to a high-resolution recorder or
alternatively printed to a color proofer for deeper evaluation.
Easy-to-use RipExpress features with a graphical interface
Uses Adobe's CPSI to ensure perfect compatibility with the pure PostScript 3 language.
Output to Laserbus for connecting all kinds of recorders using Personality Interfaces
Input spooling and hold facilities, and output spooling and hold
Color page preview on screen. 
Halftone and calibration table.
A set of 136 fonts provided by default.
Multiple inputs using Ethertalk, TCP/IP, LPR, drop folder and MGS3 special input.
Save media usage with Trim Page which removes excess white area under the page
Film Saving which automatically rotates the page so that it can save material.
Anamorphic scaling with separate X & Y scale control
In-place compression and decompression for bitmap files
Additional RIP to TIFF Options: Output can be set to output 1 bit TIFF files as uncompressed, Packbits, CCITT Huffman, Fax Group 3 and Fax Group 4.
OPI can provide a pointer where MGS3 can put high-resolution images when they log into the system
Then OPI substitution can occur on the RIP when the page is printed
FM Screens: Stochastic screening using Adobe Brilliant Screens
PrintExpress Snap Shots PrintExpress/CPM
is a digital workflow system that includes a number of software
which is used to link page builder and press printing applications.
PrintExpress handles the steps from receiving a page in PostScript or PDF format through
RIPAN, pagepairing, spooling, proofing, tracking and remote transmission to printing in different places
The set of modules that PrintExpress includes are:
PostScript / PDF Spooler This module accepts PostScript or PDF format files from other systems
like a page generator on a PC or Mac or an OPI server.
This module uses standard input protocols such as PAP (Apple), TCP/IP, drop file or from OPI MG3 server.

Design Definition and Design Technology

Design Definition 
The term “design” has many connotations. They can range from industrial designers to high structural load engineering designers. A few of these will be summarized in order to highlight that different designer skills are used to meet different product requirements. Essentially it is the process of devising a product that fulfills as completely as possible the total requirements of the user, and at the same time satisfies needs in terms of cost-effectiveness or ROI (return on investment). It encompasses the important interrelationship practical factors such as shape, material selection (including unreinforced and reinforced, elastomers, foams, etc.), consolidation of subparts, fabricating selection, and others that provide low cost-to-performance products. Product design is as much an art as a science. Recognize that a successful design is usually a compromise between the requirements of product function, productibility, and cost. Basically design is the mechanism whereby a requirement is converted to a meaningful plan. Design guidelines for plastics have existed for over a century. With plastics to a greater extent than other materials, an opportunity exists to optimize product design by focusing on material composition and orientation to structural member geometry when required. The type of designer to produce a product depends on the product requirements. As an example in most cases an engineering designer is not needed because the product has no major load requirement. All that is needed is experience and/or a logical evaluation approach based on available material and processing data. This practical approach is the least consumer of time and least expensive. 
Design Technology 
It is the prediction of performance in its broadest sense, including all the characteristics and properties of materials that are essential and relate to the processing of the plastic. To the designer, an example of a strict definition of a design property could be one that permits calculating product dimensions from a stress analysis. Such properties obviously are the most desirable upon which to base material selections. However, like with metals, there are many stresses that cannot be accurately analyzed. Hence one is forced to rely on properties that correlate with performance requirements. Where the product has critical performance requirements, such as ensuring safety to people, production prototypes will have to be exposed to the requirements it is to meet in service. In plastics, these correlative properties, together with those that can be used in design equations, generally are called engineering properties. They encompass a variety of situations over and above the basic static strength and rigidity requirements, such as impact, fatigue, flammability, chemical resistance, and temperature.

Injection Mold for the Body of a Tape Cassette

product design development
Injection Mold for the Body of a Tape-Cassette Holder Made from High-Impact Polystyrene.
Molded Part: Design and Function 
A cubic molded part of impact-resistant polystyrene forms the main body of a tape-cassette holder consisting of a number of injectionmolded parts. Several cassette holders can be stacked on top of each other by snap fits to yield a tower that can accommodate more cassettes. The molded part, which has a base measuring 162mm x 162mm and is 110mm tall, consists of a central square-section rod whose two ends are bounded by two square plates. Between these plates, and parallel to the central rod, are the walls, forming four bays for holding the cassettes. Single-Cavity Mold with Four Splits The mold, with mold fixing dimensions of 525mm x 530mm and 500mm mold height, is designed as a single-cavity mold with four mechanical splits (Fig. 3). The movable splits (9) are mounted on the ejector side of the mold with guide plates (21) and on guide bars (20). The splits form the external side walls of the molded part while the internal contours of the bay’s comprising ribs, spring latches and apertures are made by punches (34) that are fitted into the splits and bolted to them. Core (6), which is mounted along with punch (7) on platen (23), forms the bore for the square-section rod. The punch (7) and the runner plate (14) form the top and bottom sides of the molded part. When the mold is closed, the four splits are supported by the punch (7) and each other via clamping surfaces that are inclined at less than 45. Furthermore, the apertures in the molded part ensure good support between punches (34) on the splits, core (6) and runner plate (14). The closed splits brace themselves outwardly against four wedge plates (12) which are mounted on the insert plate (18) with the aid of wear plates (13). Adjusting plates (11) ensure accurate fitting of the splits. Each slide is driven by two angle pins (8), located in insert plate (18) on the feed side. Pillars (39) and bushings (37) serve to guide the mold halves. The plates of each mold half are fixed to each other with locating pins (27). The molded part is released from the core by ejector pins (25), which are mounted in the ejector plates (3, 4). Plate (23) is supported on the ejector side against the clamping plate via two rails (40) and, in the region of the ejector plates beneath the cavity, by rolls (2). Feeding via Runners The molding compound reaches the feed points in the corners of the square-section rod via sprue bushing (16) and four runners. The rod’s corners have a slightly larger flow channel than the other walls of the molded part. The sprue bushing is secured against turning by pin (15). Mold Temperature Control Cooling channels are located in the core retainer plate (22) and the insert plate (18). Punch (7) is cooled as shown in Fig. 4. Core (6) is fitted with two cooling pipes, while punch (34) is fitted with cooling pipe (35). Furthermore, the slide (9) are cooled. Demolding: Latches Spring Back As the mold opens, the slides (9) are moved by the angle pins (8) to the outside until the punches (34) are retracted from the side bays of the molded part. As Fig. 5 shows, the cavities of the spring latches Z are located on the one hand between the faces of the four punches (34) and runner plate (14) and, on the other, between the two adjacent side faces of the punches (34). On opening of the mold, the ratio of the distance moved by the slides to the opening stroke between runner plate (14) and slides is the tangent of the angle formed by the angle pins and the longitudinal axis of the mold. Thus, when the mold opens, enough space is created behind the latches Z to enable them to spring back when the punches (34) slide over the wedge-shaped elevations (a) of the latches (Fig. 5). The situation is similar for ejecting latches between adjacent punch faces. As the mold opens further, the angle pins and the guide bores in the slides can no longer come into play. The open position of the slides is secured by the ball catches (33). The molded part remains on core (6) until stop plate (29) comes into contact with the ejector stop of the machine and displaces ejector plates (3, 4) with ejector pins (24, 25). The molded part is ejected from the core, and the sprue from the runners. When the stop plates are actuated, helical springs are compressed (30) that, as the mold is closing, retract the ejector pins before the slides close. Return pins (26) and buffer pins (19) ensure that the ejector system is pushed back when the mold closes completely.

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